Water/ColorA Study of Race and the Water Affordability Crisis in America’s Cities 

Everyone needs clean water 

 But did you know low-income communities struggle to afford water? In the past five years, mass water turn offs have threatened communities from Detroit to Flint to Baltimore.

Our new overview Water/Color: A Study of Race and the Water Affordability Crisis in America’s CitiesThe overview shines a spotlight on:

Constructing Water 

Trace the history of municipal water systems in the U.S. during two distinct time periods: the late 18th century through the first part of the 20th century and the post World War II era to the present.

Water in Crisis

Learn about the skyrocketing price of water and how our failing infrastructure is the biggest contributing cost. 

Water and Change

Get a framework for potential litigation and policy solutions to challenge water lien sales and service termination that have a disproportionate impact on Black communities.

About Us

The Thurgood Marshall Institute is a multidisciplinary center within the NAACP Legal Defense Fund. Launched in 2015, the Institute complements LDF’s traditional litigation strengths and brings critical capabilities to the fight for racial justice, including research and targeted advocacy campaigns. The Institute also houses LDF’s Archives—a collection of materials chronicling the legal history of the Civil Rights Movement.